Strings Attached: An Analysis of the Eruv Under the Religion Clauses of the First Amendment and the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act
Alexandra Lang Susman, 9 U. Md. L.J. Race, Religion, Gender & Class 93 (2010)
“Part II will detail what an eruv is, its place in Jewish law, its importance for Orthodox Jewish communities, and the opposition to it. Part III will examine whether government facilitation of an eruv is a violation of the Establishment Clause of the Constitution. Part IV will examine whether government prohibition of an eruv is a significant burdening of religion, in violation of the Free Exercise Clause of the Constitution or of the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000. Finally, this Article will question whether local governments can constitutionally permit the construction of an eruv, while maintaining its legality under Jewish law, thus bridging the gap between the two legal paradigms.”
- Posted: 08/20/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, Topic: Legal Periodicals, Topic: RLUIPA
LoHud.com: “Yesterday’s court decision, which could cost Greenburgh $4 million, said the town violated the church’s rights under the First Amendment’s ‘free exercise’ of religion clause and the Fourth Amendment’s ‘equal protection’ clause . . . The judge wrote that town Supervisor Paul Feiner directed town staff, including town attorneys and consultants, to perform research and provide ideas for ways to support the denial of the church’s application. Town Board members instructed employees to ‘kill the project’ and prepare an environmental study to achieve a negative outcome, he wrote.”
- Posted: 08/13/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: www.lohud.com
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: New York, Topic: RLUIPA, ZZ: Fortress Bible Church v. Feiner
Rush Limbaugh transcript of August 12th: “RUSH: ‘Ladies and gentlemen, zoning laws. I’m sure have encountered them. Zoning laws tell churches where they can and can’t go all the time. There’s a group out there called the Alliance Defense Fund. The last few years they’ve been running all over the country suing cities and counties and states over churches being turned down by zoning boards, and they have not yet won a case, I don’t think. So zoning laws already dictate where you — the First Amendment’s got nothing whatsoever to do with building a church wherever you want to put one.’” | Contrast ADF press release, June 25, 2010: NH church receives more than $1.1 million over unconstitutional zoning restrictions | more RLUIPA related ADF press releases
- Posted: 08/13/2010
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- Category: ADF in the News
- Tags: ADF: Media Clips, Alliance Defense Fund, Category: Religious Liberty, State: New York, Topic: Culture, Topic: Islam, Topic: Media, Topic: RLUIPA
Fox News: “As the Muslim population grows and their communities spread throughout the state, religious leaders say their places of worship must do the same, spurring the construction of mosques and the massive Islamic centers that host them in several Tennessee cities, including Murfreesboro, Memphis and Antioch. But the physical size of these Islamic centers – and the associations and writings of some of the leaders behind them – are raising some concerns nationwide.”
- Posted: 08/10/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: www.foxnews.com
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: Tennessee, Topic: Islam, Topic: RLUIPA
Walll Street Journal: “The commission’s chairman, Robert B. Tierney, said the building at 45-47 Park Place ‘does not rise to the level of an individual landmark.’ The 11-member panel is appointed by Mayor Michael Bloomberg, who has vehemently defended the mosque as an example of religious freedom.”
Associated Press: “The Landmarks Preservation Commission voted 9-0, saying the 152-year-old building blocks from the site of the Sept. 11 attacks wasn’t special or distinctive enough to meet criteria to qualify as a landmark. Commissioners also said that other buildings from the era were better examples of the building’s style.”
- Posted: 08/03/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: New York, Topic: Culture, Topic: Islam, Topic: RLUIPA
ADF Attorney Joel Oster writing at Speak Up Movement / Church: “[A] recent decision by the Seventh Circuit Court of appeals in River of Life Kingdom Ministries v. Village of Hazel Crest, Illinois, threatens to gut the protections of RLUIPA . . . According to the court, the town was justified in discriminating against the city because ‘commerce and industry’ are ‘necessary and desirable elements of the community’. But what about the church? Is not the work of the church necessary and desirable for the community? Of course it is. But to certain government officials who only understand the value of the dollar, providing moral direction and the other benefits of churches is worthless.” | More information on the case is available here.
- Posted: 07/30/2010
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- Category: ADF in the News
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- Source: blog.speakupmovement.org
- Tags: ADF: Joel Oster, ADF: Media Clips, Alliance Defense Fund, Category: Religious Liberty, Court: 7th Circuit, State: Illinois, Topic: RLUIPA, ZZ: River of Life Kingdom Ministries v Village of Hazel Crest
Restrictions in the ordinance, many of which do not apply to non-religious organizations, have forced the small congregation to stop meeting on its leased property and relocate to various inferior locations, resulting in plummeting attendance and causing cancellation of numerous ministries, outreaches, and functions.
- Posted: 07/30/2010
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- Category: Featured
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- Source: www.adfmedia.org
- Tags: ADF: Kevin Theriot, ADF: Media Clips, ADF: Press Releases, Alliance Defense Fund, Category: Religious Liberty, State: Georgia, Topic: RLUIPA, ZZ: Christ Liberty Family Life Center v. City of Avondale Estates
Courier-Post: “In a lawsuit filed on July 16, the Apostolic Church of Deliverance accuses the borough of violating the federal Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000. … The complaint asserts that the borough permits only those uses outlined under the municipal zoning code. Churches are not among the permitted uses under the code, which means religious institutions must seek a variance in order to operate in Pemberton, it says.” | Complaint in Apostolic Church of Deliverance v. Borough of Pemberton (D.N.J.)
- Posted: 07/23/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: New Jersey, Topic: RLUIPA
“In River of Life Kingdom Ministries v. Village of Hazel Crest, Illinois, (7th Cir en banc, July 2, 2010), the 7th Circuit in an en banc decision interpreted the equal terms provision of RLUIPA by creating a modified version of the test used by the 3rd Circuit. The 7th Circuit’s test treats a regulation as violating the Equal Terms provision ‘only if it treats religious assemblies or institutions less well than secular assemblies or institutions that are similarly situated as to the regulatory criteria.’” | Via Religion Clause. | View opinion in Google Viewer
- Posted: 07/06/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: religionclause.blogspot.com
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, Court: 3rd Circuit, Court: 7th Circuit, State: Illinois, Topic: RLUIPA, ZZ: River of Life Kingdom Ministries v Village of Hazel Crest
Adhi Parasakthi Charitable, Medical, Educational and Cultural Society of North America v. Township of West Pikeland, (ED PA, June 23, 2010) | Google Viewer
Religion Clause: “A Pennsylvania federal district court held that ‘in granting an overly broad amount of discretion to its Zoning Board in deciding whether to allow expressive religious use of land within the Township, Defendant has created a prior restraint on speech in violation of Plaintiff’s First Amendment rights.’ On plaintiff’s free exercise and RLUIPA claims, the court held that there are factual disputes which a jury must decide as to whether the Township’s zoning law was applied discriminatorily.”
- Posted: 07/01/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: religionclause.blogspot.com
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: Pennsylvania, Topic: RLUIPA, ZZ: Adhi Parasakthi Charitable Medical Educational and Cultural Society of North America v. Township of West Pikeland
The Daily Breeze: “Years after one of the South Bay’s largest churches roiled its neighbors in a failed attempt to grow even bigger, Rolling Hills Covenant Church is putting forward a new expansion plan. … After years of repeated late-night meetings, and amid passionate outcry from neighbors and threats of litigation from the church, the plan was scaled back. It failed to gain City Council approval, nonetheless. Now the church is hoping simply to get the go-ahead for more Sunday-school classrooms and executive offices, among other improvements. The expansion is a modest 16,000-square-foot addition to the nearly 64,000-square-foot existing campus.”
- Posted: 06/22/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: www.dailybreeze.com
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: California, Topic: RLUIPA
This Land is My Land: The Tension Between Federal Use of Public Lands and the Religious Freedom Restoration Act
Lieutenant Colonel James E. Key, 65 A.F. L. Rev. 51 (2010)
“This article posits that despite its sweeping language, Congress never intended for RFRA to control government land use decisions with respect to public lands. Two legislative options to remove RFRA from these types of decisions are to either (1) amend RFRA to explicitly exclude public land use or (2) repeal RFRA in its entirety. Without legislative action, government agencies must prepare to meet RFRA challenges by relying on existing legal precedent.”
- Posted: 06/22/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, Topic: Legal Periodicals, Topic: Legislation, Topic: RFRA, Topic: RLUIPA
NY Post: “Angry relatives of 9/11 victims last night clashed with supporters of a planned mosque near Ground Zero at a raucous community-board hearing in Manhattan. After four hours of public debate, members of Community Board 1 finally voted 29-1 in support of the project. Nine members abstained, arguing that they wanted to table the issue and vote at a later date. The board has no official say over whether the estimated $100 million mosque and community center gets built . . . ”
- Posted: 05/26/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: www.nypost.com
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, Topic: Islam, Topic: RLUIPA
Arizona Republic: “The Potter’s House Christian Fellowship Center has been shut down by the city of Glendale. Under a cease-and-desist order issued April 26, the church’s pastor, the Rev. James Martinez, could be cited and thrown into jail if he returns to the sanctuary. Simply put: Glendale doesn’t allow churches in industrial areas and even if it did, Martinez’s church doesn’t meet city safety standards . . . That raises the eyebrows of [Daniel Blomberg], of the Alliance Defense Fund, a Christian legal group. ‘Why are they going to allow a drive-in movie theater but not a church?’ he asked.”
- Posted: 05/26/2010
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- Category: ADF in the News
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- Source: www.azcentral.com
- Tags: ADF: Media Clips, Alliance Defense Fund, Category: Religious Liberty, State: Arizona, Topic: RLUIPA
The Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act and Mega-Churches: Demonstrating the Limits of Religious Land Use Exemptions in Federal Legislation
Heather M. Welch, 39 U. Balt. L. Rev. 255 (2010)
“This Comment uses the phenomenon of mega-churches as a vehicle to illustrate the common criticisms RLUIPA opponents have raised and to demonstrate the significant impact RLUIPA has had and has the potential to have on local land use regulations as well as on the communities coping with the impact of mega-churches. This Comment concludes that RLUIPA and similar federal legislation that applies broad First Amendment protection to all religious land use is ill equipped to address secular land use by religious institutions like mega-churches. The substantial disconnect between the land use challenges that local governments currently face and the authority that they retain under RLUIPA compels the conclusion that RLUIPA is both impractical in application and unconstitutional. Locally developed land use regulations are better equipped to meet the demands of a developing religious society and account for all of the interests at stake when a land use dispute arises.”
- Posted: 05/26/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: law.ubalt.edu
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, Topic: Legal Periodicals, Topic: RLUIPA
SCOTUS Blog has published its most recent list of petitions to watch. The list includes 2 RLUIPA cases and a school choice case that should be of interest to ADF Alliance Alert readers.
- Posted: 05/19/2010
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- Category: Bench & Bar
- Tags: Category: Bench and Bar, Category: Religious Liberty, Court: U.S. Supreme, State: Arizona, Topic: Education, Topic: RLUIPA, Topic: School Choice, ZZ: Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization v. Winn, ZZ: Cardinal v. Metrish, ZZ: Garriott v. Winn, ZZ: Sisney v. Reisch, ZZ: Sossamon v. Texas
10 Connects: “Ybor Square, which houses the Spaghetti Warehouse and Creative Loafing newspaper, is owned by the Church of Scientology. As a religious building, the church will be exempt from paying almost $75,000 in property taxes . . . Pardo [head of the Ybor Community Development District] says he is also worried about the Scientologists taking up the limited parking spaces in the district. But the biggest question is how the Scientologists got approval from the city and zoning administrator Catherine Coyle, because places of religious assembly are prohibited in that part of Ybor City.”
- Posted: 05/17/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: www.wtsp.com
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: Florida, Topic: RLUIPA
Washington Post:”Prince George’s County officials have decided not to seek further appeal in a court battle against a Laurel church that was awarded $3.7 million from a jury in 2008. Reaching Hearts International, a Seventh-day Adventist church, claimed the county unfairly tried to thwart its plan to build a sanctuary on 17 acres in Laurel. Jurors for the U.S. District Court in Greenbelt found that the county’s actions were motivated at least in part by discriminatory intent against a religious institution.”
- Posted: 05/14/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: voices.washingtonpost.com
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: Maryland, Topic: RLUIPA
Confusion and Coercion in Church Property Litigation
Brian Schmalzbach, 96 Va. L. Rev. 443 (2010)
“If, after a relatively calm decade in the 1990s, the Protestant Episcopal Church thought its role on the church property front of the American Kulturkampf was over, it was in for a rude awakening. The 2003 ordination of Gene Robinson, an openly homosexual bishop, ignited a firestorm of dissent and ultimately provoked dozens of Episcopal parishes and even whole dioceses to leave one of the oldest Protestant denominations in America. The conflict reached a head in 2006, when eleven Virginia parishes withdrew from the Episcopal Church and affiliated with the Convocation of Anglicans in North America. The massive, multi-million dollar litigation over property worth tens of millions of dollars that followed concerned one simple question: Is the local parish or the supercongregational denomination entitled to retain control of church property? Answering this question has implicated a host of exceedingly complex constitutional problems.”
- Posted: 05/11/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: www.virginialawreview.org
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, Topic: Church Sovereignty, Topic: Homosexual Agenda, Topic: Legal Periodicals, Topic: RFRA, Topic: RLUIPA
Becket Fund (5/7): “Today, the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty filed a brief in federal appeals court defending right of the Elijah Group, a small Evangelical Christian church in Leon Valley, Texas, to hold worship services in its own church building. According to Leon Valley, the church is welcome to use its building for a day care and counseling center five days per week, but the local zoning code prohibits the church from holding worship services on Sunday. Religious assemblies are excluded from the relevant zoning area because they allegedly interfere with commercial activity and decrease the city’s tax revenue.”
- Posted: 05/10/2010
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- Category: Religious Liberty
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- Source: www.becketfund.org
- Tags: Category: Religious Liberty, State: Texas, Topic: RLUIPA
Arizona Republic: “Swift action by the Gilbert Town Council to correct a ‘bad ordinance’ has restored the town’s reputation among faith-based groups, according to the Alliance Defense Fund . . . On Tuesday night, the Town Council gave final approval to an amendment that protects such groups’ religious freedom. ‘It cures the problem,’ said [Douglas Napier], senior legal counsel for the Alliance Defense Fund, a Scottsdale-based religious legal organization.”
- Posted: 05/06/2010
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- Category: ADF in the News
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- Source: www.azcentral.com
- Tags: ADF: Douglas Napier, ADF: Media Clips, Alliance Defense Fund, Category: Religious Liberty, State: Arizona, Topic: RLUIPA
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